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+        <article class="post" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/BlogPosting">
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+  <header class="post-header">
+    <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">Rails 3 on AWS micro: CentOS Nginx Passenger</h1>
+    <p class="post-meta"><time datetime="2010-09-11T21:07:00-04:00" itemprop="datePublished">Sep 11, 2010</time></p>
+  </header>
+
+  <div class="post-content" itemprop="articleBody">
+    <p>Note: This was tested on AWS using a micro instance and ami-6b608c02 which seemed to be the most barebones community CentOS i386 EBS AMI I could find. It works as a Micro instance out of the box without issues.</p>
+
+<h2 id="prepare-the-server">Prepare the Server</h2>
+
+<h3 id="update-the-system-and-install-required-libraries">Update the system and install required libraries</h3>
+
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>yum update -y
+yum groupinstall “Development Tools” -y
+yum install zlib-devel wget openssl-devel pcre pcre-devel readline-devel sudo nano -y
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="configure-time-settings">Configure Time Settings</h3>
+
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>yum install tzdata system-config-date -y
+yum install ntp -y
+<span class="c"># Contact NTP server and update current time</span>
+ntpdate ntp.ubuntu.com
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="configure-the-hostname">Configure the hostname</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>hostname my.specialhost.name
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+<p>Write loopback IP and your hostname in your /etc/hosts file:
+<code class="highlighter-rouge">bash
+nano /etc/hosts
+127.0.0.1 my.specialhost.name
+Write your hostname to /etc/hostname
+nano /etc/hostname
+my.specialhost.name
+</code>
+## Installing the Application Stack</p>
+
+<h3 id="install-mysql">Install MySQL</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>yum install mysql mysql-devel
+Secure your MySQL install:
+mysql_secure_installation
+Install Ruby
+Ignore ri and rdoc <span class="k">for </span>this server
+nano ~/.gemrc
+Add these two lines:
+install: —no-ri —no-rdoc
+update: —no-ri —no-rdoc
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="download-ruby-from-source-and-install">Download Ruby from source and install:</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>wget ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org:21//pub/ruby/1.9/ruby-1.9.2-p0.tar.gz
+tar xvfz ruby<span class="k">*</span>
+<span class="nb">cd </span>ruby<span class="k">*</span>
+./configure <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> make <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> make install
+Check that Ruby and RubyGems all were installed correctly:
+ruby -v
+gems -v
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="clean-up-the-ruby-source-files">Clean up the Ruby source files:</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">cd</span> ..
+rm -R ruby<span class="k">*</span>
+Install Git <span class="o">(</span>Good idea <span class="k">for </span>Capistrano deployments<span class="o">)</span>
+yum install gettext-devel expat-devel curl-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel
+wget http://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/git-1.7.1.tar.gz
+tar xzvf git-1.7.1.tar.gz
+<span class="nb">cd </span>git-1.7.1
+make <span class="nv">prefix</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/local all
+make <span class="nv">prefix</span><span class="o">=</span>/usr/local install
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="install-rails-and-passenger-gems">Install Rails and Passenger gems</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>gem install rails
+If you need a specific version of Rails:
+gem install rails -v<span class="o">=</span>2.3.8
+gem install passenger
+Install modified Nginx with Passenger built-in
+passenger-install-nginx-module
+Option 1
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="create-init-scripts-for-nginx">Create init scripts for Nginx</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>git clone git://github.com/xdite/rails-nginx-passenger-centos.git
+sudo mv rails-nginx-passenger-centos/nginx/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx
+sudo chown root:root /etc/init.d/nginx
+Verify the script can start and stop Nginx:
+sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start
+
+  <span class="k">*</span> Starting Nginx Server…
+  …done.
+sudo /etc/init.d/nginx status
+
+  nginx found running with processes:  11511 11510
+sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop
+
+  <span class="k">*</span> Stopping Nginx Server…
+  …done.
+Add Nginx to startup:
+sudo /sbin/chkconfig nginx on
+Check that it starts and stops with the server by:
+reboot
+Install ImageMagick and RMagick <span class="o">(</span>Optional<span class="o">)</span>
+yum remove imagemagick
+yum install tcl-devel libpng-devel libjpeg-devel ghostscript-devel bzip2-devel freetype-devel libtiff-devel
+yum install libjpeg-devel libpng-devel glib2-devel fontconfig-devel zlib-devel libwmf-devel freetype-devel
+Download the ImageMagick Source
+wget ftp://ftp.imagemagick.org/pub/ImageMagick/ImageMagick.tar.gz
+tar xvfz ImageMagick.tar.gz
+<span class="nb">cd </span>ImageMagick-6<span class="k">*</span>
+./configure —prefix<span class="o">=</span>/usr —with-bzlib<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-fontconfig<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-freetype<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-gslib<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-gvc<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-jpeg<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-jp2<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-png<span class="o">=</span>yes —with-tiff<span class="o">=</span>yes
+make <span class="o">&amp;&amp;</span> make install
+Install RMagick
+gem install rmagick
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h2 id="create-a-deployer-user-recommended">Create a ‘deployer’ user (Recommended)</h2>
+<p>### Add the user
+<code class="highlighter-rouge">bash
+useradd deployer
+passwd deployer
+</code></p>
+
+<h3 id="give-deployer-sudo-permission">Give deployer sudo permission</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>nano /etc/sudoers
+Add this near the bottom of the file:
+deployer    <span class="nv">ALL</span><span class="o">=(</span>ALL<span class="o">)</span>     ALL
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="end-your-ssh-session">End your SSH session</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code><span class="nb">exit
+</span>ssh deployer@my.specialhost.name
+Lock the root account
+sudo passwd root -l
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h2 id="test-a-rails-3-app">Test a Rails 3 app</h2>
+
+<h3 id="create-the-testapp">Create the testapp</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>rails new testapp -d mysql
+<span class="nb">cd </span>testapp
+bundle install
+Enter your database password <span class="k">in </span>your database.yml real quick
+nano config/database.yml
+rake db:create:all
+rails generate scaffold post title:string body:text
+rake db:migrate
+Check really quick that WeBrick can start the rails app before we involve Passenger/Nginx
+rails server
+Change the user Nginx runs as
+sudo nano /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
+At the top of the config file, uncomment or change “user nobody;” to:
+ user deployer;
+</code></pre>
+</div>
+
+<h3 id="add-a-virtual-host-to-nginx">Add a virtual host to Nginx</h3>
+<div class="language-bash highlighter-rouge"><pre class="highlight"><code>sudo nano /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
+Find the server <span class="o">{</span> <span class="o">}</span> block <span class="k">in </span>the default file and remove it. Add this:
+
+server <span class="o">{</span>
+    listen 80;
+    <span class="c"># server_name www.mycook.com;</span>
+    root /home/deployer/testapp/public;
+    passenger_enabled on;
+<span class="o">}</span>
+Restart Nginx:
+ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
+
+Try accessing your testapp
+In your web browser:
+http://my.specialhost.name/posts
+Tweaking Nginx/Passenger
+
+Enable gzip
+sudo nano /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
+Find the existing commented “ <span class="c">#gzip on; ” and remove it and replace it with the following:</span>
+gzip on;
+gzip_buffers 16 8k;
+gzip_disable “MSIE <span class="o">[</span>1-6].”;
+gzip_proxied any;
+gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/x-javascript text/xml application/xml application/xml+rss text/javascript;
+
+Longer expiration tags on content served by Nginx
+Place the following <span class="k">in </span>your virtual host’s server <span class="o">{</span> <span class="o">}</span> block:
+
+location ~<span class="k">*</span> .<span class="o">(</span>ico|css|js|gif|jp?g|png<span class="o">)(</span><span class="se">\?</span><span class="o">[</span>0-9]+<span class="o">)</span>?<span class="nv">$ </span><span class="o">{</span>
+      expires max;
+      <span class="nb">break</span>;
+  <span class="o">}</span>
+Reduce Passenger spin-up <span class="nb">time
+
+</span>Place the following <span class="k">in </span>your virtual host’s server <span class="o">{</span> <span class="o">}</span> block:
+<span class="c">#Passenger options</span>
+rails_spawn_method smart-lv2; <span class="c"># This can cause problems with some apps</span>
+rails_app_spawner_idle_time 0;
+rails_framework_spawner_idle_time 0;
+</code></pre>
+</div>
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